Heating, Energy & Eco
398 sources in the library on heating, energy & eco, 28 on this page cited in a published note. Each one says what the document covers and what it is good for. Name a source to see which document it is and where to read it. One at a time. Page 5 of 10.
- supplier figure RN-8XHNLU cited
OVO Energy
The supplier's page for its EV smart-charging add-on. It states that the pay-as-you-go option charges 13.33p per kWh for smart charging at home.
- supplier figure RN-5AEFN8 cited
OVO Energy
OVO's SEG page lists its standard SEG rate of 4p/kWh for any supplier's customers and SEG Beyond Exclusive at 12p/kWh for OVO electricity customers.
- supplier figure RN-EE56OE cited
Pilkington (NSG Group)
Pilkington Optitherm range of off-line coated low-e glasses for insulating glass units: Ug-values of 1.0 and 1.1 W/m2K in a double glazed IGU, calculated in accordance with EN 673. Optitherm S3 gives Ug 1.1 W/m2K in a standard IGU with very high light transmittance and neutral colour; Optitherm S1A gives Ug 1.0 W/m2K in a standard IGU with improved light transmission and total solar heat transmittance (g-value). These are centre-pane Ug figures, not whole-window Uw.
Cited in Replacing Misted Double Glazing: 2026 UK Cost Guide.
- supplier figure RN-586FDU cited
Pilkington (NSG Group)
Pilkington Optitherm S3, a neutral off-line (magnetron sputtered) coated low-emissivity glass. Ug-value 1.1 W/m2K in a standard 4-16-4 insulating glass unit with 90% argon fill. This is the centre-pane Ug, not the whole-window Uw, and the two are routinely confused. Light transmittance 82%, light reflectance 11%. Available from 3mm to 12mm thickness. Optitherm S3 Pro T is the toughenable version, colour matched after toughening.
Cited in Glazing Explained: U-values, Low-E, Argon & Spacers, Replacing Windows: Process, FENSA & Cost.
- supplier figure RN-5NZ1EQ cited
Screwfix
the retail price Screwfix publishes for 1 2 x 15mm white chrome angled l s modern thermostatic radiator valve lockshield, which is the supply figure the cost book records for this item
Cited in How to Restore Radiator.
- supplier figure RN-5PFKNL cited
Screwfix
the retail price Screwfix publishes for acova 600mm x 628mm 2009btu white horizontal 2 column radiator, which is the supply figure the cost book records for this item
Cited in Radiator Types: Panel, Column & Designer.
- supplier figure RN-6WF2OS cited
Screwfix
the retail price Screwfix publishes for hive trv003 white smart thermostatic radiator head 5 pack, which is the supply figure the cost book records for this item
Cited in Radiator Valves: TRVs, Lockshields & Smart, Radiators Explained: Types, BTU Sizing & Cost.
- supplier figure RN-U8OV0J cited
Stelrad
Guidance from Stelrad, a UK radiator manufacturer, on how covers affect radiator output. It says panel radiators rely heavily on convection and gives output losses by cover design.
Cited in Radiator Covers: Cost, Heat Loss & Ideas.
- supplier figure RN-WL3NLJ cited
Stelrad
The manufacturer output tables that radiator sizing depends on. Stelrad states that t50 is the UK industry standard for heating outputs, with an operating temperature of 75/65/20C, and directs users on a low temperature heat source to the t40 or t30 tables instead. At 450mm height and 1000mm length the delta T50 output is 756 W for a K1 single panel single convector, 1055 W for a P+ single panel double convector and 1371 W for a K2 double panel double convector. At 450mm by 1200mm the figures are 907 W, 1266 W and 1645 W. At 300mm by 1000mm they are 509 W, 745 W and 982 W. At 600mm height by 400mm length they are 392 W, 538 W and 693 W. Panel depths are 61mm for K1, 77mm for P+ and 100mm for K2, with total wall projections of 83mm, 101mm and 124mm. Heated surface area runs 2.09 to 9.15 m2 per metre and weight 9.31 to 40.53 kg per metre depending on type and height. Lengths run 300mm to 3000mm. The t50 caveat is the important part: a heat pump running at 45C flow will not get these numbers.
Cited in How to Bleed & Balance Radiators.
- supplier figure RN-XAN1FN cited
Stelrad
Stelrad's radiator specification book with its delta-T correction factor table: 0.515 at delta-T 30 and 0.406 at delta-T 25, applied to the delta-T 50 rating.
Cited in Radiator Types: Panel, Column & Designer.
- supplier figure RN-KXEFPB cited
Superglass Insulation Ltd
Manufacturer product page for a standard glass mineral wool loft roll. It confirms the 0.044 W/mK declared conductivity used in the note's depth calculation.
Cited in Home Energy Audit: DIY Steps.
- supplier figure RN-O7ODEA cited
Toolstation
Toolstation's product page for a 210-litre Heatrae Sadia Megaflo Eco indirect unvented cylinder at £1,758.99 including VAT; it sets the top of the 210-litre supply range.
Cited in Hot Water Cylinders: Vented vs Unvented.
- supplier figure RN-GQWUKX cited
Toolstation
the retail price Toolstation publishes for the Hive V4 Smart Thermostat Hubless - Combi Boiler & Multizone OpenTherm, which is the supply figure the cost book records for this item
- supplier figure RN-GQN5E1 cited
Toolstation
Toolstation product page for a 210-litre indirect unvented hot water cylinder, priced at £649.99 including VAT, supply only.
Cited in Air Source Heat Pumps: Cost, Grants & Is It Worth It, Hot Water Cylinders: Vented vs Unvented.
- supplier figure RN-6XPZNW cited
Toolstation
the retail price Toolstation publishes for the Klima electric underfloor heating mat, which is the supply figure the cost book records for this item
Cited in Electric Heating Options Compared.
- supplier figure RN-QVHDQ0 cited
Toolstation
the retail price Toolstation publishes for Kudox Premium Type 22 Steel Panel Radiator 600 x 1200mm 7208Btu, which is the supply figure the cost book records for this item
- supplier figure RN-I95J22 cited
Toolstation
a Toolstation category listing for radiator valves, recorded as the page the prices for a TRV and lockshield pair were read from. What it lists, and at what price, changes with the range, so it evidences that a figure was seen at this merchant rather than a price a reader can confirm today
- supplier figure RN-BOCU1V cited
Toolstation
A merchant product page for a 600W infrared mirror panel. It states the panel is suitable for bathrooms with an IP44 (splash proof) rating, which meets the IPX4 minimum for zones 1 and 2.
Cited in Infrared Heating Panels: Worth It?.
- supplier figure RN-7Y6LOL cited
Toolstation
A merchant product page for an 800W black glass-fronted infrared panel, priced at £453.99 including VAT, an example of a panel above £450.
Cited in Infrared Heating Panels: Worth It?.
- supplier figure RN-H8YOFW cited
Toolstation
A merchant product page for an 800W white glass-fronted infrared panel, priced at £449.49 including VAT. It sits at the top of the mid-range glass panel band.
Cited in Infrared Heating Panels: Worth It?.
- supplier figure RN-2PTFBK cited
Toolstation
A merchant product page for a 600W black glass-fronted infrared panel, priced at £318.99 including VAT. It sits at the bottom of the mid-range glass panel band.
Cited in Infrared Heating Panels: Worth It?.
- supplier figure RN-XC69E4 cited
Toolstation
A merchant product page for a 600W white infrared panel heater, priced at £249.00 including VAT. It sets the top of the budget white panel band.
Cited in Infrared Heating Panels: Worth It?.
- supplier figure RN-L6OJV6 cited
Vaillant
The boiler maker's sizing table for its system and heat-only boilers by bedrooms, radiators and bathrooms: 9–18 kW, 18–26 kW and 27–40 kW.
Cited in Boiler Sizing: What kW Do You Need.
- supplier figure RN-RMJAVK cited
Vitcas
A stove rope maker's product page for its fire rope; it states the rope is knitted glass fibre used to seal stove doors and flue joints.
- supplier figure RN-UF67SJ cited
Vitcas
A stove rope maker's shop page for a 2 m rope and adhesive kit; its regular price of £8.39 including VAT anchors the bottom of the kit price range.
- supplier figure RN-Q9RHFQ cited
Worcester Bosch
Manufacturer's specification for the Greenstar 4000 range. It gives the minimum static mains pressure for maximum hot water flow on the 25 kW and 30 kW combis.
Cited in Boiler Replacement & Central Heating Costs (UK), Boiler Sizing: What kW Do You Need, Combi vs System vs Regular Boilers.
- supplier figure RN-XXE036 cited
Worcester Bosch
A boiler maker's guarantee terms. It ties its extended boiler guarantees to a system filter being fitted.
Cited in Powerflushing & System Cleaning.
- supplier figure RN-WHW562 cited
Worcester Bosch
A boiler maker's installation advice on system cleaning. It says to cleanse the existing system to BS 7593 before a new boiler goes in.
Cited in Powerflushing & System Cleaning.
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Department of Finance (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland's Part L guidance, October 2012, and the clearest published table on how much permanent ventilation a gas cooker needs. Table 4.1 sets the ventilation for flueless gas appliances. For a cooker, oven, hotplate or grill or any combination of them, with no maximum rated heat input: a room, space or internal space under 5 cubic metres needs a permanently open air vent of 10,000 square millimetres free area; 5 to 10 cubic metres needs 5,000 square millimetres, and none at all if the room has a door opening directly outside; over 10 cubic metres needs no permanently open vent. A flueless instantaneous water heater may not be installed at all in a room under 5 cubic metres, needs 10,000 square millimetres from 5 to 10 cubic metres and 5,000 square millimetres over 10 up to 20 cubic metres. Flueless space heaters are limited to 0.045 kW net per cubic metre of room volume, or 0.090 kW net per cubic metre in an internal space such as a hallway or landing. Note 5 makes clear these permanent vents are additional to the openable elements and, for kitchens, the extract ventilation required by Part K. Regulation 54 onwards also covers hearths, flue and chimney design and the durable notice plate required when a hearth, fireplace, flue or chimney is provided or extended.
- very strong RN-2NGAWX
Department of Finance and Personnel, Northern Ireland (Building Control NI)
Northern Ireland's equivalent of Approved Document G, issued under the Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012 and the source to cite for a reader in NI. Regulation 85(1) requires a dwelling to have at least one water closet, one washbasin and one fixed bath or shower. Regulation 86(2) requires every washbasin, bath and shower to have a piped supply of hot and cold water. Regulation 87(2) requires the hot water supply to any fixed bath to be designed and installed so the temperature delivered to that bath does not exceed 48 degrees C, the same scalding limit as England and Wales. Regulation 88 governs unvented hot water storage systems, and the guidance splits them at 500 litres storage and 45 kW: Section 2 covers systems up to 500 litres and 45 kW, then systems over those thresholds, with a separate part on discharge pipes from tundishes.
- very strong RN-6PSUIL
Department of Finance, Northern Ireland (Building Control NI)
The Northern Ireland U-value standards, which differ from England's Approved Document L and are the figures to quote for an NI reader. Table 2.2 gives limiting U-values for new dwellings in W/m2K as area-weighted averages: wall 0.18, floor 0.18, roof 0.16, party wall 0.00, and windows, roof windows, glazed rooflights, curtain walling and pedestrian doors 1.40. Column (b) sets the maximum U-value at any point: 0.60 for wall, floor and party wall, 0.30 for roof and 3.00 for windows and doors. Where space heating is underfloor heating the maximum floor U-value tightens to 0.15 W/m2K, and that 0.15 still applies even under the whole-building trade-off route in paragraph 2.44. Table 3.2, for new thermal elements in existing dwellings, gives wall 0.28, pitched roof with insulation at ceiling level 0.16, pitched roof with insulation at rafter level 0.18, flat roof or roof with integral insulation 0.18, floor 0.22 and swimming pool basin 0.25. Maximum permissible air permeability is 10 m3/(h.m2) at 50 Pa, with 5 or less expected in practice, and below 3 the booklet says alternatives to natural ventilation should be considered. Roof window and rooflight U-values are quoted as assessed in the vertical position and must be adjusted in accordance with BR 443 where assessed in another plane. Regulation 43 requires that where renovation of a thermal element amounts to more than 50 per cent of its surface area, the whole element is brought up to standard.
- very strong RN-VIHNAO
Home Energy Scotland (Energy Saving Trust, funded by the Scottish Government)
Scotland's own funding route for heat pumps and insulation, which replaces rather than supplements the England and Wales Boiler Upgrade Scheme, so a Scottish reader must be pointed here. Funded by the Scottish Government, it gives homeowners a grant, an interest-free loan, or both. For clean heating systems such as heat pumps and heat network connections the grant is up to 7,500 pounds with a further 7,500 pounds available as an optional interest-free loan. For energy efficiency measures such as insulation the grant covers up to 75 per cent of the combined cost of measures to a maximum of 7,500 pounds, with the remainder available as an interest-free loan. A rural and island uplift of 1,500 pounds applies to both the heating and the energy efficiency grants, so a rural household can claim up to 18,000 pounds in grant funding. Per-measure grant caps are: air, ground or water source heat pumps and heat network connections 7,500 pounds; wood fuelled biomass boilers and eligible stoves 7,500 pounds; solid wall insulation, external or internal, 7,500 pounds; flat roof or room-in-roof insulation 3,000 pounds; loft, cavity and underfloor insulation 1,500 pounds; high heat retention storage heaters 2,500 pounds. Solar thermal (5,000 pounds loan), hybrid solar PV and water heating (5,000 pounds loan), wind turbine and hydro turbine (2,500 pounds loan each), insulated doors and warm air units are loan only with no grant. Eligibility does not depend on receiving benefits, but the property must be an existing home in Scotland that the applicant owns and occupies as their only or primary private residence. Only heat pumps providing 100 per cent of heating and hot water qualify, and hybrid heat pumps are not eligible.
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Department for Energy Security and Net Zero
A closed scheme that still binds new owners, which is a trap for anyone buying a property to renovate. The Green Deal is closed to new applicants, but where a property carries a Green Deal loan the liability travels with the property: whoever moves in is responsible for repaying it, through a charge added to the electricity bill, and can change electricity supplier only to one participating in the scheme. A seller or landlord is legally required to tell a buyer or tenant that a Green Deal loan exists, that they will be responsible for it, and to show them the Energy Performance Certificate before they move in; the EPC states what improvements were made and how much remains to be repaid. Early repayment is possible but may attract extra costs, notified by the company managing the loan. Complaints go to the Green Deal provider first, whose details are on the EPC, or to the DESNZ Green Deal team if the provider has ceased trading; if unresolved within 8 weeks the complaint goes to the Financial Ombudsman Service for mis-selling and other financial issues, or to the Energy Ombudsman for poor installation work or non-disclosure by a seller or landlord.
- very strong RN-8XFMI0
Department of Finance (Northern Ireland)
The Northern Ireland index of technical booklets, which take the place of England's Approved Documents under the Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012. Current editions: B materials and workmanship (July 2013), C site preparation and resistance to contaminants and moisture (October 2012), D structure (October 2012), E fire safety (October 2012), F1 conservation of fuel and power in dwellings and F2 in other buildings (both June 2022), G resistance to the passage of sound (October 2012), H stairs, ramps, guarding and protection from impact (October 2012), J solid waste (October 2012), K ventilation (October 2012), L combustion appliances and fuel storage (October 2012), M physical infrastructure for high-speed communications networks (January 2017), N drainage (October 2012), P sanitary appliances, unvented hot water storage and reducing the risk of scalding (October 2012), R access to and use of buildings (October 2012) and V glazing (October 2012). Note for any electrical note: there is no Northern Ireland technical booklet covering electrical safety, so there is no Part P equivalent and no electrical competent person self-certification regime there. Ventilation is Booklet K, drainage Booklet N and glazing Booklet V, not F, H and K as in England.
- very strong RN-78SSH6
Department of Finance (Northern Ireland)
NORTHERN IRELAND, giving a fourth set of U-values distinct from England, Wales and Scotland. Table 2.2 sets limiting area-weighted average U-values in W/m2.K with a maximum permitted at any point in brackets: wall 0.18 (0.60), floor 0.18 (0.60), roof 0.16 (0.30), party wall 0.00 (0.60), and windows, roof windows, glazed rooflights, curtain walling and pedestrian doors 1.40 (3.00). Where the space heating source is underfloor heating the maximum floor U-value tightens to 0.15. Compare Wales at 0.13 for roofs and Scotland at 0.12, against NI's 0.16. Paragraph 2.43 limits the extent of external doors and glazed openings in a dwelling to no more than 25 per cent of the dwelling's floor area, and the limiting air permeability is 10 m3 per hour per square metre at 50 Pa, looser than the Welsh 8.0. U-values are calculated to BRE Report BR 443. A swimming pool basin must achieve not more than 0.25.
- very strong RN-33L9HJ
GOV.UK
The council grant for adapting a home, and what work it can pay for. Eligibility covers physical disability, learning disability, age-related needs, autism, cognitive impairment such as dementia, a progressive condition such as motor neurone disease, terminal illness and mental health conditions. The listed works are wide enough to cover substantial building work: widening doors and installing ramps or grab rails, improving access to rooms and facilities with a stairlift or level access shower, improving access to the garden, building an extension such as a downstairs bedroom, providing a heating system suitable for the applicant's needs, and adapting heating or lighting controls. Confirms a Disabled Facilities Grant does not affect any other benefits the applicant receives.
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GOV.UK
Collection page listing five chargepoint grant schemes available until 31 March 2027 with new grant rates: the grant for renters and flat owners (up to £500), the grant for households with on-street parking using a cross-pavement solution (up to £500), the Workplace Charging Scheme (up to £500 per socket, maximum 40 sockets), the grant for landlords (up to £500 per socket, maximum 200 sockets) and the Workplace Charging Scheme for state-funded education institutions (up to £2,000 per socket, maximum 40 sockets). Note that the separate Workplace Charging Scheme applicant guidance page still states £350 per socket, so the two GOV.UK pages disagree on the WCS rate as at September 2026.
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GOV.UK
HUG Phase 2 ran from April 2023 until March 2025, with up to £630 million of grant funding for successful local authorities across the two financial years; local authority applications closed 27 January 2023 after assessment deadlines of 18 November 2022 and 27 January 2023. The page names no successor, so pair it with the Warm Homes: Local Grant page.
- very strong RN-NVP3TG
GOV.UK (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government)
The consultation and the published government response that set the direction for Parts L, F and O of the Building Regulations, which is what a note should cite when explaining what is coming rather than what applies today. The consultation ran from December 2023 to March 2024 and sought views on changes to the Building Regulations to improve the energy performance and ventilation standards of new homes and buildings, together with a call for evidence on the overheating standard in Part O. The page carries the consultation outcome, the government response document covering changes to Parts L and F and the Part O call for evidence, and the impact assessments. The response states that where relevant the outcomes will be implemented through a statutory instrument and new approved documents, which is the route by which the 2026 editions of Approved Documents L and F were made.
- very strong RN-L6C7A7
Health and Safety Executive
Regulation 36A of the Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998 requires a landlord to arrange an annual gas safety check within 12 months of a new appliance or flue being installed and annually thereafter. Only a Gas Safe registered engineer may carry out the maintenance and the safety check. The record must be kept for 2 years, given to existing tenants within 28 days of the check and to new tenants before they move in. Under the 2018 Amendment Regulations the check may be carried out up to 2 months before the due date while keeping the original deadline date, so the anniversary does not drift.