References

Garden & Landscaping

472 sources in the library on garden & landscaping. Each one says what the document covers and what it is good for. Name a source to see which document it is and where to read it. One at a time. Page 10 of 12.

1. very strong RN-00CXWJ

   Welsh Government

   The current SAB (SuDS Approving Body) fee schedule for Wales, last updated 24 March 2026. The base fee is GBP 350 per application, plus an area component capped at a total of GBP 7,500: GBP 70 per 0.1 hectare for the first 0 to 0.5 ha, GBP 50 per 0.1 ha from 0.5 to 1 ha, GBP 20 per 0.1 ha from 1 to 5 ha and GBP 10 per 0.1 ha above 5 ha. Where an inspection is required as a condition of approval the fee is GBP 168 per inspection. Discounts: where several proposals are submitted together, the full fee is charged on the highest and half the fee on each additional proposal; town and community council applicants get 50 per cent off the application fee; a resubmission within 12 months attracts a 50 per cent discount calculated on the previously approved fee. No fee is payable where an application is modified by agreement with the SAB before determination. This is the real cost line for any Welsh driveway, patio or garden project over 100 square metres of construction.

   Name this source
2. very strong RN-DWRRP2

   Welsh Government (gov.wales)

   WALES. A Welsh Government collection of quick guides, first published 27 October 2017 and last updated 22 March 2023, saying for each common project whether building regulations approval is needed in Wales. It covers adverts and signs, basements, biomass fuelled appliances, boilers and heating, ceilings and floors, change of use, conservatories, decking, decorations, demolition, doors and windows, drains and sewers, electrics, extensions, external walls, fascias, fences gates and garden walls, flats and maisonettes, flues, fuel tanks, garage conversion, heat pumps, hydro electricity, insulation, internal walls, kitchens and bathrooms, lighting, loft conversions, micro combined heat and power, outbuildings, patio and driveway and paving your front garden. Use it instead of the England Planning Portal common projects pages for any Welsh job.

   Name this source
3. very strong RN-Y1W23U

   Welsh Government (gov.wales)

   WALES, and the householder figure contradicts both England and Scotland. In force from 1 December 2025, rounded to the nearest pound. Category 6, the enlargement, improvement or other alteration of existing dwellinghouses, is £585 where the application relates to one dwellinghouse and £820 for two or more, against England's £548 from 1 April 2026 and Scotland's £371. Category 7(a), operations including the erection of a building within the curtilage of an existing dwellinghouse for ancillary purposes, or gates, fences, walls or other means of enclosure along a curtilage boundary, is £283 in each case. Category 1 charges £667 for each dwellinghouse for new dwellings, with a £16,675 base fee band above 25 dwellinghouses and a maximum of £203,380. A non-material amendment under section 96A of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 costs £123 for a householder application and £242 otherwise. Site visits are charged at £493 or £166 per visit depending on category.

   Name this source
4. very strong RN-VXP99P

   Welsh Government (gov.wales)

   WALES. First published 30 April 2014, last updated 29 May 2020. The Welsh Government's own householder permitted development landing page, hosting three documents that replace England's Planning Portal guidance for a Welsh job: Planning, a guide for householders (688 KB PDF, 2020), Permitted development for householders, technical guidance (2 MB PDF, 2018) and Householder permitted development rights, frequently asked questions (57 KB PDF, 2018). Wales retains the England-style Class A to Class H lettering of the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995 as it applies in Wales, unlike Scotland's numbered classes, but the numerical limits inside those classes have diverged from England since 2013.

   Name this source
5. very strong RN-9N3RD6

   Welsh Government (GOV.WALES)

   The Welsh building control thresholds for garden buildings and garages, expressed as floor areas a note can quote directly. Building regulations do not normally apply to a small detached building such as a garden shed or summerhouse with a floor area under 15 square metres and no sleeping accommodation. Between 15 and 30 square metres approval is not normally required provided the building contains no sleeping accommodation and is either at least one metre from any boundary or constructed of substantially non-combustible materials. A new garage attached to an existing home would normally need building regulations approval, while a new attached carport open on at least two sides would not normally require approval if under 30 square metres. A detached garage follows the same 15 and 30 square metre pattern as a shed. Converting an integral or attached garage into habitable use will normally require approval. The sleeping accommodation exception is the point a garden room note must make, because a garden bedroom takes the building out of exemption entirely.

   Name this source
6. very strong RN-4LOKE7

   Welsh Government (GOV.WALES)

   The Welsh householder extension limits, which differ from the English Class A allowances and from the prior approval route England uses. Across all extensions: nothing may be built in front of the principal elevation; no more than half the land around the original house may be covered; the extension cannot exceed the height of the highest part of the existing roof, nor the height of the existing eaves; within 2 metres of a boundary the eaves height cannot exceed 3 metres and the extension cannot exceed 4 metres in height; and materials must match the existing house as far as possible. Verandas, raised platforms, roof terraces and balconies are not permitted, though a Juliet balcony is allowed if it has no platform, projects no more than 300mm, is not within 10.5m of the side boundary and is not on the principal elevation. A single storey rear extension must not extend beyond the rear wall by more than 4 metres and cannot exceed 4 metres in height. A rear extension of more than one storey is limited to 4 metres at ground floor and 3 metres at upper floor beyond the rear wall, must leave at least 10.5 metres between the extended rear wall and the rear boundary, and any upper floor side window must be obscure glazed and non-opening unless it is 1.7 metres above floor level.

   Name this source
7. strong RN-QJNTE7

   BSI

   The British Standard for the ordinary garden panel fence, published 30 September 2018 as BS 1722-11:2006 amended by A1:2018, and current. It specifies materials, design, construction and installation for prefabricated wood panel fences made from softwood panels fixed between timber or concrete posts, and applies only to fences not exceeding 2 metres in height - which lines up with the permitted development ceiling in the GPDO. It covers panel construction and timber species, dimensions and tolerances, post types in timber and concrete with their fixing requirements, wood preservation and protective treatments, and gravel boards. Two limits are worth knowing before specifying: the standard expressly states these fences are unsuitable where they will be exposed to animal or personnel loading, or in areas of abnormally high wind exposure, so a panel fence is not a stock fence and not a coastal or exposed-hilltop solution. Maintenance after installation is outside its scope. Read with BS 1722-7 for post and rail and with Class A of Part 2 of Schedule 2 to the GPDO for the height rules.

   Name this source
8. strong RN-7Z1GCG

   BSI

   The British Standard for post and rail fencing, published 30 September 2018 as BS 1722-7:2006 amended by A1:2018, and current. It sets requirements for wooden post and rail fence construction covering both sawn and cleft components and their installation: timber quality and species, component dimensions and tolerances, post spacing, rail fixing, preservative treatment, and the quality control and sampling protocols used to verify a delivery. This is the standard for the boundary type a panel fence cannot do - the open rural, paddock and stock boundary, where BS 1722-11 explicitly rules panel fences out because of animal loading. Specify it by part number and the treatment class rather than by 'treated timber', which means nothing on its own: pair it with BS EN 335 use classes and BS EN 350 natural durability, both of which the book already holds, so the preservative specification matches the exposure of a fence post in ground contact.

   Name this source
9. strong RN-XN2Q2U

   BSI

   The standard a topsoil delivery should be sold against, published 30 April 2015, current, ISBN 978 0 580 85949 6. It applies to natural and manufactured topsoils that are traded or moved between sites, and sets requirements for multipurpose topsoil plus specialist grades: low fertility, acidic and calcareous. It specifies classification and composition - texture class, pH, nutrient and organic matter content, contaminant limits and maximum stone content by size and percentage - along with guidance on sampling and analysis, handling, and site preparation so that soil is not degraded during excavation, transport and placement. The 2015 revision aligned it with BS 8601:2013 (specification for subsoil), revised the test parameters to reflect the increased use of composted green waste in manufactured topsoils, and introduced a new organic matter test that is safer environmentally and for health while costing less to run. Intended users named by BSI include gardeners, builders, developers, engineers, architects, utilities, local authorities and environmental consultancies. 'BS 3882 compliant' on a supplier's website means nothing without the accompanying analysis certificate.

   Name this source
10. strong RN-0FPT4N

    BSI

    The British Standard for work on established trees, published 31 December 2010 and current. It is a full revision of the previous edition, updated for contemporary legal requirements and industry practice. It gives general recommendations for tree work management, covering pruning, crown reduction, crown lifting and thinning, soil care and felling, and includes guidance on the reduction of overgrown hedges. It deals specifically with veteran trees, where conventional pruning specifications are inappropriate, and requires the impact of work on an individual tree to be considered in relation to neighbouring trees. The 2010 revision widened the scope to bring in safety, wildlife habitats and the underlying factors of tree longevity and value for local amenity, landscape, biodiversity and heritage. This is the standard a tree surgeon's quotation should reference: a quote specifying 'a 30 per cent reduction' without a BS 3998 specification of branch-length reduction and final crown shape is not a specification at all. Read with BS 5837 for trees on construction sites and BS 8545 for new planting.

    Name this source
11. strong RN-V4658G

    BSI

    The current design half of the restructured BS 7533 series, published 30 November 2021, ISBN 978 0 539 19618 4. It consolidates and replaces the old parts 1, 2, 8, 10 and 12 of the series and partially supersedes parts 6 and 7, which is why so many BS 7533 part numbers still quoted in landscaping specifications are dead. It covers pavements surfaced with concrete paving blocks to BS EN 1338, concrete paving flags to BS EN 1339, natural stone slabs to BS EN 1341, natural stone setts to BS EN 1342 and clay pavers to BS EN 1344. It applies to pedestrian and vehicular areas with axle loads up to 11,000 kg (the limit under the Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986) and cumulative design traffic up to 30 million standard axles. Out of scope: heavier design traffic, aircraft pavements, port and industrial pavements, bridge decks, suspended slabs, and permeable pavements. Installation is covered separately in BS 7533-102:2025 and permeable construction in BS 7533-103:2026.

    Name this source
12. strong RN-8WKW2E

    BSI

    The current British Standard for permeable modular paving, published 12 March 2026, and the replacement for the withdrawn BS 7533-13. It covers permeable pavements formed from paving units bedded on and jointed with graded granular permeable aggregates or permeable mortar, where there is a full-depth permeable base and/or sub-base below - that is, a proper SuDS construction rather than a porous surface over an impermeable build-up. Unit types covered are concrete blocks, concrete flags, natural stone slabs and setts, clay pavers and porcelain. It applies to pedestrian and vehicular areas up to 11,000 kg axle loads and 30 million standard axles cumulative design traffic, matching BS 7533-101. It also deals with the limited cases of a permeable overlay on an impermeable base, where water cleansing and attenuation can still be demonstrated. Excluded: traffic above those limits, aircraft pavements, specialised port and industrial areas, tree root protection systems, and impermeable surfaces with a reservoir foundation beneath. This is the standard behind the GPDO front-garden paving exemption.

    Name this source
13. strong RN-FN2ITH

    BSI

    The test behind the two slip numbers a tile or paving manufacturer quotes, and the reason a floor that tested well when new can still become slippery. Published 28 March 2003 and current. It describes a test method for determining both the unpolished and the polished pendulum test value of surfacing units for pedestrian or traffic purposes, using a flat-bed polishing machine in conjunction with pendulum test equipment, so the unit is artificially worn before the second reading is taken. BSI notes that manufacturers use the pendulum test values obtained by this method to determine the slip and skid resistance of surfacing units. It is the companion to BS 7976 parts 1 to 3, which specify the pendulum tester itself and its method of operation, and it is the standard to cite when comparing a supplier's PTV claim for a floor tile or paving slab: an unpolished value is the best case, and the polished value is closer to what the floor will do in service. ICS 93.080.20 Road construction materials, committee B/507, ISBN 0 580 38096 3.

    Name this source
14. strong RN-2EDGVE

    BSI

    The current British Standard for getting a newly planted tree to independence, published 27 January 2026, ISBN 978 0 539 37093 5. It is a code of practice covering the planning, designing, producing, planting and managing of young trees through the establishment period, and applies to trees where a distinct crown has already been prepared in the nursery - whips, transplants and seedlings are outside its scope. The A1:2026 amendment supersedes BS 8545:2014, aligns the standard with BS 5837 to remove overlap between the two, carries over technical refinements from the original drafting, and adds new guidance on how climate change affects young trees and on selecting species resilient to future conditions. Aimed at landscape professionals, nurseries, developers, local authorities, forestry organisations and land managers. This is the standard to cite for tree pit specification, staking, irrigation and the aftercare period on a landscaping job, and the companion to BS 5837 which covers existing trees on a construction site.

    Name this source
15. strong RN-J00YJE

    BSI

    The companion standard to BS 3882 for the layer beneath the topsoil, published 31 December 2013, current but under review. It covers the classification, composition and use of subsoils which are moved or traded to create soil profiles intended to support plant growth, and includes multipurpose subsoil plus acidic and calcareous specialist grades. It sets requirements for classification, texture and stone content, pH, contaminant limits, and specifies sampling and analytical procedures. It matters on any job that changes ground levels: building a soil profile from imported material by tipping topsoil straight onto compacted formation, with no specified subsoil layer, is the standard cause of waterlogged new lawns and failed shrub beds. The 2015 revision of BS 3882 was written explicitly to align with this standard, so the two should be quoted together when specifying imported soil for a garden, raised bed or new lawn.

    Name this source
16. strong RN-YTQSB5

    BSI

    The test method behind every slip resistance figure quoted for external paving, published 31 October 2011, current but under review, and the live replacement for the withdrawn BS 7976-2 pendulum standard. Slip/skid resistance is measured by a slider mounted at the end of a pendulum arm, swung so the slider passes across a wetted sample of the surface; the method works both in the field and in the laboratory. It assesses a small area, roughly 0.01 square metres, which is why several readings across a patio are needed rather than one. The standard notes real limits: it is unreliable on surfaces with non-uniform characteristics such as ridges, grooves or rough texturing with a mean texture depth exceeding 1.2 mm, so a heavily riven or profiled stone cannot be characterised by pendulum alone. Results from this single-location test cannot be directly compared with measurements from mobile devices that assess slip resistance along an extended length of surface. Where a supplier quotes a slip figure for porcelain, stone or concrete paving, this is the method it should cite, and it should state whether the test was wet or dry and which slider was used.

    Name this source
17. strong RN-U1L8HY

    BSI

    The product standard for concrete block paving, published 29 May 2003 and still current. It covers unreinforced cement-bound concrete paving blocks and complementary fittings for pedestrian areas, vehicular surfaces, roof coverings, car parks, roads, industrial areas and aircraft pavements, specifying materials, properties, requirements and test methods. Test areas covered include dimensional measurement and tolerances, tensile splitting strength, flatness, water absorption, thermal shock and freeze-thaw resistance with de-icing salt, abrasion resistance and slip/skid resistance, plus marking and evaluation of conformity. Explicitly out of scope: the tactility or visibility of blocks (tactile paving is a separate matter) and permeable blocks, which are dealt with elsewhere. This is the unit standard that BS 7533-101:2021 and BS 7533-102:2025 assume when specifying a driveway or patio build-up, and the one a delivery note or DoP should quote.

    Name this source
18. strong RN-4A59IK

    BSI

    The product standard for concrete paving flags (slabs), published 29 May 2003, current but under review. It covers cement-bound unreinforced concrete paving flags and complementary fittings for trafficked paved areas and roof coverings, and sets materials, properties, requirements and test methods. Coverage includes dimensional measurement, breaking load classes (the classification that decides whether a flag is fit for pedestrian only or light vehicular use), freezing and thermal-cycling tests, water absorption, wear (abrasion) and slip resistance, plus marking and evaluation of conformity. The UK National Annex is the practically useful part: it gives guidance on which performance classes to select and lists the traditional UK flag sizes so imperial-era slab dimensions can be matched. It excludes the tactility or visibility of flags and permeable flags. Cite this alongside BS 7533-101/102 when specifying a patio.

    Name this source
19. strong RN-YHR3EQ

    BSI

    The product standard for natural stone setts, published 28 February 2013 and superseding BS EN 1342:2001. It sets performance requirements and test methods for setts used in external paving, both pedestrian areas and trafficked surfaces, covering dimensional tolerances, flexural strength, slip and skid resistance and freeze-thaw durability, so that setts can weather without significant maintenance. The 2012 revision reoriented the requirements to reference the separate test methods developed by CEN/TC 246 and clarified what declared values mean: they are now expressed as lower expected values where applicable, which lets a supplier use one set of test results across several products from the same stone. Read it with BS EN 1341:2012 for natural stone slabs and BS 7533-101:2021 for the pavement design; a sett specification that quotes only a stone type and a size is incomplete without the declared flexural strength and freeze-thaw class.

    Name this source
20. strong RN-BRGMK8

    BSI

    The product standard for clay pavers, published 30 November 2013, current but under review. It specifies requirements for clay paver units and accessories for flexible and rigid pavement construction, covering rectangular and other shaped units for exterior pavements, driveways, patios and roof paving, with or without coatings and with or without post-firing chemical treatments. Performance characteristics covered are slip and skid resistance (the 2013 edition moved this to the CEN/TS 16165 methodology), transverse breaking load with a revised load-application procedure, freeze-thaw durability, abrasion resistance and thermal conductivity assessed via BS EN 1745. It does not cover clay pavers with tactile surfaces, refractory applications or clay masonry units - a clay paver is not a facing brick and the two are not interchangeable in a driveway. This is the unit standard referenced by BS 7533-101:2021 for clay paver pavements.

    Name this source
21. strong RN-9AR0KS

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    The current British Standard for welded mesh security fencing, and the right reference for a security fence note now that the chain link part of the series is withdrawn. BS 1722-14:2006 is Current, published 30 November 2006 under committee B/201, ISBN 0 580 49510 8, and specifies open mesh steel panel fences. This matters for accuracy: BS 1722-1:2006, the chain link fences part, is marked Withdrawn on BSI Knowledge, so a note that cites BS 1722-1 as the live standard for chain link is out of date, and welded mesh panel systems to Part 14 are what a contractor will now quote for security fencing. BS 1722 is a multi-part series with a separate part per fence type, so quote the part number rather than BS 1722 alone.

    Name this source
22. strong RN-DCG55C

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    The specification a close-boarded fence quote should be measured against, and the part of BS 1722 that covers the commonest UK garden fence type. BS 1722-5:1999 is Current, published 15 March 1999 and incorporating Amendment No. 1, under committee B/201, ISBN 0 580 28260 0, ICS 91.090. It specifies close-boarded fences and wooden palisade fences, which is where the standard sizes, post spacings, timber grades and preservative treatment expectations come from. Cite it when a fencing note gives a panel or post dimension, and pair it with BS EN 335 use classes for the timber treatment, because a post in ground contact is a different use class from a board above ground. Note the series is split by fence type, so a note comparing fence types is comparing separate parts of BS 1722, not one document.

    Name this source
23. strong RN-AWIY25

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: WITHDRAWN, and very recently: 27 March 2025. BS 4483:2005 was published 30 September 2005 and specified factory produced, machine welded steel fabric (mesh) sheets for reinforcing concrete, made from ribbed bar to BS 4449:2005 or, for the wrapping fabrics D49 and D98, from wire to BS 4482. It is the standard behind the A142, A193, A252 and A393 mesh references that every concrete slab and driveway note quotes. Because it was withdrawn in March 2025 this is a live correction: notes specifying A142 or A393 mesh to BS 4483 should be checked against the current specification, with product conformity now sitting under BS EN 10080 for weldable reinforcing steel. Catalogue page confirms number, title, publication date, withdrawal date and scope, and names D49 and D98 wrapping fabrics, but does not name the replacement standard.

    Name this source
24. strong RN-KS3QTV

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    The standard a local planning authority will require an arboricultural report against whenever a garden building, extension or driveway goes in near a tree, and the reason a tree survey appears as a line in a landscaping quote. BS 5837:2012 was published on 30 April 2012, and is current but under review. It gives recommendations relating to tree care with a view to achieving a harmonious and sustainable relationship between new construction or existing structures and their surrounding trees, following a logical sequence of events with tree care at the heart of the process when a project is planned. It is the source of the tree survey, tree categories, root protection area and tree protection plan terminology that planning conditions use. Cite the catalogue page for the number, title and status; the detailed method sits behind the paywall, so a note should not quote a root protection area formula from a secondary source without checking the standard itself.

    Name this source
25. strong RN-XKXB9S

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: WITHDRAWN on 27 March 2025, superseded by BS 7533-102:2025. BS 7533-3:2005+A1:2009 was published 20 October 2005 and gave the recommendations for constructing flexible pavements using precast concrete blocks to BS EN 1338 and clay pavers to BS EN 1344, for roads, industrial areas and other paved surfaces under all categories of static and vehicular loading and pedestrian traffic, covering both conventional and permeable construction. It is the standard behind the laying course depth, jointing and compaction advice in every block paving driveway note, so the March 2025 withdrawal is a live correction: those notes should now cite BS 7533-102:2025 for installation and BS 7533-101:2021 for structural design. Catalogue page confirms number, title, publication date, withdrawal date and scope.

    Name this source
26. strong RN-43IQ1S

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: WITHDRAWN on 25 February 2022. BS 7976-2:2002+A1:2013 was published 20 August 2002 and set out the method of operation for the pendulum tester used to assess slip resistance of pedestrian surfaces, that is how the pendulum test value (PTV) that every tile and flooring note quotes is actually obtained; part 1 covers the instrument specification and part 3 calibration. It excluded road and airfield surfaces, which are covered by BS EN 13036-4, and pendulum testing called up inside other product specifications. Because it is withdrawn, a note that says a bathroom or patio surface should achieve a PTV of 36 or more to BS 7976 is citing a withdrawn standard: the PTV thresholds themselves come from HSE and UK Slip Resistance Group guidance rather than from this standard, which is the more useful thing for a note to cite. Catalogue page confirms number, title, publication date, withdrawal date and scope.

    Name this source
27. strong RN-7KAKIH

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    Part 1 of the BS 8300 pair, covering the external environment rather than the building. Paywalled, so only the catalogue page is public; it confirms BS 8300-1:2018, published 31 January 2018, status Current. Scope covers key external features within the curtilage of or associated with a building or group of buildings, specifically parking provision, setting-down points, access routes to and around buildings and the approaches to entrances, plus wider external environment matters including street design, landscaping, way-finding and information, horizontal and vertical movement and public facilities. Its named audience is built environment professionals in planning, design and management of the external environment, particularly local authority planners in highways, street enhancement and open space departments, and the page notes it is used in producing Local Development Frameworks, client briefs and contract documents.

    Name this source
28. strong RN-XYYYMW

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: WITHDRAWN on 1 March 2005. BS 8301:1985 was published 30 April 1985 and was the code of practice for building drainage, covering sewers, drain pipes, manholes, pipe laying, foul and surface water drainage, hydraulic testing and maintenance. It was superseded by the BS EN 752 series, Drain and sewer systems outside buildings, with BS EN 12056 covering gravity drainage inside buildings and BS 8000-14 the workmanship for below ground drainage; Approved Document H is the regulatory route in England. A note citing BS 8301 for gradients, manhole spacing or soakaway design is quoting a standard withdrawn over twenty years ago. Catalogue page confirms number, title, publication date, withdrawal date and scope but does not name the replacement.

    Name this source
29. strong RN-DYK4FC

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    The code of practice behind a properly designed surface water scheme, and a stronger citation than a council soakaway leaflet when a driveway or garden drainage note explains sizing. BS 8582:2013 is Current, first published November 2013 under committee CB/501, ISBN 978 0 580 76700 5, ICS 91.120.30. Its clauses are Scope (p1), Normative references (p4), Terms and definitions (p4), Linking surface water management and development planning (p7), Surface water management design principles and criteria (p13), Predevelopment flood hazards and assessment of risk (p23), Evaluating the predevelopment site characteristics relating to surface water run-off (p27), Evaluating the proposed development site characteristics (p31), Drainage design methods and tools (p32), Drainage construction (p38), Maintenance of surface water drainage systems (p40) and Information provision and community engagement (p42), with Annex A on stakeholders (p44) and Annex B on climate change (p47). Clause 11 on maintenance is the one a homeowner note should draw on, because a soakaway or permeable driveway that is never maintained silts up and fails.

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30. strong RN-73DEG5

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    The standard a guttering note should name when explaining why a gutter overflows, rather than asserting a size from memory. BS EN 12056-3:2000 was published on 15 September 2000 and is current. It describes a method of calculating the hydraulic adequacy of non-siphonic roof drainage systems and gives performance requirements for siphonic roof drainage systems. Its scope covers the layout and installation of roof drainage insofar as they affect flow capacity, applies to roof drainage systems whose outlets are sized to avoid limiting flow, and is material-neutral. It is part 3 of the BS EN 12056 series on gravity drainage systems inside buildings operating under gravity. Use the catalogue page for the title and scope; the calculation tables themselves are behind the paywall, so a note should refer to it rather than reproduce it.

    Name this source
31. strong RN-0R0Q22

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: WITHDRAWN on 15 December 2021. BS EN 12320:2012 was published 31 October 2012 and specified performance and other requirements for the strength, security, durability and corrosion resistance of mechanical padlocks and padlock fittings for buildings and general use. Its classification is the part a note actually needs: one category of use, two durability categories, six corrosion resistance categories and six security grades, the grades set by performance tests simulating attack, with a limited amount of manual attack testing included because machine testing alone cannot replicate every known attack method. Because it is withdrawn, a note recommending a CEN grade 4 or grade 6 padlock to BS EN 12320:2012 for a shed or bike store is quoting a withdrawn edition and should cite the current one. Catalogue page confirms number, title, publication date, withdrawal date and scope but does not name the replacement.

    Name this source
32. strong RN-6SUN79

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: CURRENT. BS EN 12878:2014 was published 30 April 2014 and supersedes BS EN 12878:2005. It specifies the requirements and test methods for pigments used to colour building materials based on cement, or on cement and lime, covering single pigments, pigment blends, pigment and extender blends in powder or granular form, and aqueous preparations, and it tests for durability, corrosion resistance (that the pigment does not attack the reinforcement or the matrix), heat stability, weather resistance and light fastness. This is the standard a note should cite when telling a reader that coloured mortar, coloured render or coloured concrete must use a pigment fit for a cementitious matrix rather than a general purpose colourant, and it is the reference for why cheap pigments fade or cause efflorescence. Catalogue page confirms number, title, date, status and scope; the test detail is paywalled.

    Name this source
33. strong RN-TPW4A7

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: WITHDRAWN on 18 December 2024. BS EN 12978:2003+A1:2009 was published 5 June 2003 and specified requirements and test methods for the safety devices that detect a person near an electrically powered door, gate or barrier in commercial, industrial, residential and public settings, applying both to standalone protective devices and to those integrated into a power operated installation, and to rolling shutters and grilles used as personnel access. It defines the sensitive protective device as one that gives a change in the output signal switching device to protect a person at risk during normal operation. Because it is withdrawn, a note stating that an automated driveway gate must have safety edges and photocells to BS EN 12978 should be checked: the gate and door safety family now sits with BS EN 12453 (safety in use of power operated doors) and BS EN 13241, and the withdrawal is recent enough that installers still quote the old number. Catalogue page confirms number, title, publication date, withdrawal date and scope but does not name the replacement.

    Name this source
34. strong RN-GRZKQJ

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: CURRENT (marked Under Review). BS EN 1340:2003 was published 25 April 2003 and covers unreinforced, cement bound precast concrete kerb units, channels and complementary fittings for use in trafficked paved areas and roof coverings, specifying materials, properties, requirements and test methods along with product marking and evaluation of conformity. It deliberately does NOT prescribe cross sections, shapes or dimensions beyond tolerances, and it does not deal with kerb tactility or visibility, so a note about a dropped kerb crossover cannot take the kerb profile from this standard: profiles come from the highway authority's own specification. It is the concrete counterpart to BS EN 1341 for natural stone slabs and BS EN 1338 for concrete block paving. Catalogue page confirms number, title, date, status and scope; the requirement tables are paywalled.

    Name this source
35. strong RN-TI1F34

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: CURRENT. BS EN 1341:2012 was published 28 February 2013 and supersedes BS EN 1341:2001, which is withdrawn. It specifies the performance requirements and test methods for natural stone slabs used in external paving for pedestrian and trafficked areas and outdoor squares, and it is the standard behind the declared values quoted for imported sandstone, limestone and granite paving: breaking load, water absorption, slip resistance and freeze thaw resistance. It explicitly EXCLUDES natural stone slabs for interior floors and stairs, which are covered by BS EN 12058, so a note should not cite BS EN 1341 for an internal stone floor. The 2012 revision aligned test methods with those of CEN/TC 246, clarified that declared values are lower expected values, and added usage specific safety factors. Companion standards are BS EN 1342 for setts and BS EN 1340 for concrete kerb units, with laying to the BS 7533 series. Catalogue page confirms number, title, date, status, supersession and scope.

    Name this source
36. strong RN-41S8GR

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    The standard behind the use class numbers printed on treated timber, which is what a decking, fencing or timber decay note should cite when it says the timber must be right for its exposure. BS EN 335:2013 is the UK implementation of EN 335:2013, published 30 April 2013 under committee B/515 Wood preservation, ISBN 978 0 580 75630 6, ICS 71.100.50 and 79.040, and it superseded and withdrew BS EN 335-1:2006, BS EN 335-2:2006 and BS EN 335-3:1996. Clause 4 defines the use classes and their application: Use Class 1, then Use Class 2, then Use Class 3 with sub-classes 3.1 and 3.2, and higher classes for ground and water contact. In practice a deck board or fence rail above ground is a UC3 item and a fence post or deck joist in soil contact is UC4, so a note that specifies treated timber without naming the use class has not specified anything. The standard is currently Under Review.

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37. strong RN-NW4UCS

    BSI (British Standards Institution)

    STATUS: WITHDRAWN on 21 September 2022. BS EN ISO 1461:2009 was published 31 July 2009 and superseded BS EN ISO 1461:1999. It specified the properties and test methods for zinc coatings applied by dipping fabricated iron and steel articles in molten zinc, covering the zinc bath, information the purchaser must supply, safety, inspection and sampling, and coating thickness, appearance, adhesion and corrosion resistance. It did not apply to continuously galvanized sheet or wire, mesh, automatic tube and pipe galvanizing, or products with their own standards such as fasteners (BS EN ISO 10684). It has been replaced by the 2022 edition of BS EN ISO 1461, so a note specifying galvanizing to BS EN ISO 1461:2009 is quoting a withdrawn edition and should be undated or cite the current one. Catalogue page confirms number, title, publication date, withdrawal date, what it supersedes and its scope, but does not name the replacement.

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38. strong RN-M8EAHX

    Landscape Institute

    The UK's chartered body for landscape professionals and an educational charity, and the counterpart to the RIBA or RICS for landscape work. Chartered membership (CMLI) is reached through the Pathway to Chartership, a structured period of recorded professional experience assessed against the Institute's Competency Framework, with defined entry standards for admission. Practices as well as individuals can be accredited: the LI maintains Registered Practices, whose project portfolios are published on the site. This is the accreditation to look for where a scheme needs a landscape professional rather than a contractor: landscape and visual impact assessment for a planning application, a landscape masterplan, planting design for a large garden, or evidence at appeal. Note the distinction from BALI and the APL, which accredit the companies that build and maintain landscapes, and from the Arboricultural Association, which accredits tree specialists.

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39. strong RN-UFPA7W

    Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors

    The standard that replaced the old seven metre rule with a damage-based assessment, and the document a knotweed and mortgages note must cite. It was published in January 2022, reissued in October 2022 as an RICS professional standard, and is effective from 23 March 2022, updating the 2012 RICS information paper in response to the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee report and a Defra investigation. Section 4.5 sets four Management Categories assessed by a decision tree. Category A (Action) applies where visible damage has been caused: most lenders are expected to require, as a condition of a mortgage advance and subject to a retention, an inspection by a remediation specialist who is a member of a recognised trade body and completion of works under a Japanese Knotweed Management Plan with an insurance-backed guarantee, and the value of the property is likely to be affected. Category B (Action) applies where knotweed is likely to prevent use of or restrict access to amenity space, with the same lender conditions, and value may be affected. Category C (Manage) covers an infestation that is neither damaging significant structures nor restricting amenity space, treated as low impact, with the standard noting lenders routinely accept the normal risks posed by large trees and other plants. Category D (Report) covers an infestation not seen within the subject site but close enough to the boundary that future spread is possible, which is reported to the lender but is outside the owner's control.

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40. good RN-TG5YDP

    Arboricultural Association

    The UK professional body for arboriculture, with over 3,000 members across government, consultancy, contracting and education. It runs the two accreditations worth checking before any tree work: the ARB Approved Contractor scheme, which audits tree surgeons against professional standards of work quality, health and safety and business practice, and the AA Registered Consultant scheme, which identifies practitioners qualified to give advice on planning, surveying and legal tree matters - the people who write a BS 5837 tree survey, arboricultural impact assessment or method statement for a planning application, or an expert report in a boundary or subsidence dispute. Both are searchable through directories on the site so a claim of membership can be verified. This is the body to use when a job needs someone who can work to BS 3998 for tree work and BS 5837 for trees on a construction site, rather than a general landscaper.

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